Fluoride
The appropriate use of fluorides -- through water fluoridation, fluoride supplements, or topical application -- is an important factor in the prevention of dental caries (decay) and re-mineralization of teeth. This is true for persons of all ages. The use of fluorides and fluoridation is endorsed by all professional health organizations as the most effective dental public health measure in existence.

Fluoride is a natural element found in varying concentrations in all drinking water and in soil. It is considered a beneficial nutrient and is present in trace amounts in the body. When consumed in optimal amounts in water and food and used topically in toothpastes, rinses, and office treatments, fluoride reduces the risk and prevalence of dental caries and helps promote enamel re-mineralization.

The relationship between fluoride and dental caries was first noted in the early part of the 20th century, when it was observed that residents of certain areas of the country developed brown stains on their teeth. These stained teeth, although unsightly, were highly resistant to decay. In the 1930s, researchers discovered that the prevalence and severity of this type of mottled enamel (dental fluorosis) were directly related to a greater amount of fluoride in the water. It was then recognized that fluoride consumption, at optimal concentrations in the water supply, imparted protection against development of dental caries without staining teeth. The results of numerous long-term community trials, in which fluoride has been added to water supplies, verify the effectiveness, safety, and economy of this public health measure in reducing the prevalence of dental caries.

Tooth surface must be exposed to fluoride frequently in order to maintain the high fluoride concentration needed to prevent caries and enhance the re-mineralization of early carious lesions. Topical fluoride may be particularly important in the prevention of root caries, coronal caries, and tooth loss in adults and the elderly.

Fluoride can be provided topically to teeth via rinses, dentifrices, or gels -- at home, at school, or in the dental office. People of all ages benefit from the topical effects of fluoride.

When fluoride is provided in optimal amounts, it offers potential major dental health benefits to all age groups. Fluoridation of public water supplies has been endorsed by most professional health organizations (such as the American Dental Association, the American Medical Association, and The American Dietetic Association) as the most effective dental public health measure. Still, a notable proportion of the US population fails to receive maximum benefits possible from community water fluoridation and use of fluoride products. This includes the water supply of Hellertown.

We routinely screen all of our pediatric patients for their source of water, and prescribe fluoride supplements if needed. Frequently we will prescribe a special fluoridated toothpaste for our patients who might have an additional need for the benefits of fluoride.

Sealants
The chewing surfaces of children's teeth are the most susceptible to decay and there is no benefit from using fluorides. In recent years scientists have developed plastic films that can be applied to these chewing surfaces to seal the pits and grooves where food and bacteria can be trapped. These dental sealants offer a new method for prevention of dental decay.

Sealants are a highly effective and safe means of preventing pit and fissure caries. The use of sealants will substantially reduce the occurrence of dental caries in children beyond that already achieved by fluorides and other preventive measures.

The effectiveness of dental sealants in the prevention of tooth decay has been demonstrated in a variety of research findings covering a span of 16 years. In recent years, researchers have repeatedly shown that caries protection is largely provided by completely sealing pits and fissures.

Oral Hygiene
Ideal dental hygiene practice must include dental flossing and soft tooth brushing after every meal (at least twice a day), as well as regular professional care.

Good Brushing Habits:

• Brush teeth twice a day with fluoride toothpaste to help strengthen them.
• It is recommended that you change your toothbrush at least every three months.
• Select a soft or medium brush with a small head. Do not share brushes.
• Place bristles where the gums and teeth meet up.
• Move the brush forwards and backwards using small gentle movements. This will help remove the plaque which collects
  near the gums.
• Don't brush too hard or you may damage the gums.
• Take your time. Get into the habit of cleaning each part of your mouth in turn.
• Always remove partial dentures first and clean them separately.

There is an old saying in dentistry: "It isn't necessary to floss all of your teeth - only the ones you want to save."

No matter how hard the bristles or aggressive the technique, tooth brushing alone will not clean between the teeth. If you were to toss out your toothbrush and floss properly, once or twice every day, you will achieve better dental health than brushing alone - three, four, or even ten times a day.

Learning the art of dental flossing takes time and patience. There is no substitute for first-hand professional guidance. We offer flossing lessons at every hygiene appointment, until you're a pro!

The choice of a dental floss depends on many factors. A lightly waxed floss is suitable for most people. If you find that floss shreds between the teeth, try a waxed floss. If you have difficulty introducing the floss through your teeth, use a coated floss, such as Glide.

Flossing Tips:

• Wind 18" of a floss around your index, middle fingers, or thumbs. Find the combination most comfortable to you.
• Gently guide the floss between two teeth. Pull the floss toward the side of one tooth to form a "C" around the tooth. You will remove plaque and debris by moving the floss up and down against the tooth, three to four times. As you move from tooth to tooth, repeat this technique on each tooth. Always use a fresh section of floss as you move from tooth to tooth. Carefully avoid the triangular papilla between the teeth.